Stapled Haemorrhoidectomy in Delhi, India

Stapled haemorrhoidectomy, also known as stapled hemorrhoidopexy or procedure for prolapse and haemorrhoids (PPH), is a surgical procedure used to treat haemorrhoids. Unlike traditional haemorrhoidectomy techniques that involve cutting out the haemorrhoidal tissue, stapled haemorrhoidectomy involves using a circular stapling device to remove excess tissue and reposition the remaining haemorrhoidal tissue back into its normal position within the anal canal. This procedure aims to reduce the symptoms of haemorrhoids, such as bleeding, pain, and prolapse, while minimising postoperative pain and recovery time compared to traditional methods.

Stapled haemorrhoidectomy is typically recommended for individuals with haemorrhoids that are large or causing significant symptoms such as bleeding, pain, or prolapse. It may be considered when conservative treatments like dietary changes, fibre supplements, and topical medications fail to provide relief. However, not all types of haemorrhoids are suitable for stapled haemorrhoidectomy, and the decision to undergo this procedure should be made in consultation with a healthcare provider who can assess individual factors and determine the most appropriate treatment approach.

The types of haemorrhoids that can be treated with stapled haemorrhoidectomy include:

Internal Haemorrhoids

Internal haemorrhoids are located inside the rectum, usually not visible or palpable externally. They can cause symptoms such as bleeding, discomfort, or prolapse (protrusion) during bowel movements. Stapled haemorrhoidectomy can effectively treat internal haemorrhoids by removing excess tissue and repositioning prolapsed haemorrhoids back into their normal position within the anal canal.

External Haemorrhoids

External haemorrhoids develop under the skin around the outside of the anus and can be felt as lumps or bumps. While stapled haemorrhoidectomy primarily targets internal haemorrhoids, it may indirectly alleviate symptoms related to external haemorrhoids by reducing pressure in the anal canal and improving blood flow.

Prolapsed Haemorrhoids

Prolapsed haemorrhoids occur when internal haemorrhoids protrude outside the anal opening, either temporarily during bowel movements or permanently. Stapled haemorrhoidectomy is particularly effective in treating prolapsed internal haemorrhoids by removing excess tissue and repositioning the remaining tissue back into the anal canal, reducing the risk of recurrence and alleviating symptoms such as bleeding and discomfort.

Stapled haemorrhoidectomy is generally recommended for patients with symptomatic internal haemorrhoids, especially those with significant prolapse or bleeding, but it may not be suitable for all cases. Patients with large external haemorrhoids or complex conditions may require alternative treatment approaches, which should be discussed with a healthcare provider.

Preparing for Stapled Haemorrhoidectomy

Before undergoing stapled haemorrhoidectomy, patients are advised to follow their healthcare provider's instructions carefully to ensure a smooth procedure and recovery. The preparation typically involves:

• Consultation and Evaluation:Patients undergo a thorough evaluation by their healthcare provider to determine the suitability of stapled haemorrhoidectomy. This includes a physical examination, review of medical history, and possibly additional tests.
• Discussion of Risks and Benefits: Patients discuss with their healthcare provider the potential risks and benefits of the procedure, as well as alternative treatment options available. It's important for patients to ask questions and fully understand what to expect.
• Medication Review:Patients inform their healthcare provider about any medications they are taking, including prescription drugs, over-the-counter medications, supplements, and herbal remedies. Adjustments to medications may be necessary before surgery.
• Bowel Preparation: Some patients may need to undergo bowel preparation before the procedure to empty the colon and reduce the risk of infection. This may involve taking laxatives, enemas, or following a special diet.
• Fasting:Patients are typically instructed to fast for a certain period before the surgery to ensure their stomach is empty during the procedure. This reduces the risk of complications associated with anaesthesia.
• Arrangements for Transportation:Patients arrange for someone to drive them home after the procedure, as they may not be allowed to drive themselves due to the effects of anaesthesia.
• Preoperative Instructions: Patients follow any additional preoperative instructions provided by their healthcare provider, such as using special antibacterial soap before surgery.

During Stapled Haemorrhoidectomy

Stapled haemorrhoidectomy is performed as an outpatient procedure under general anaesthesia. The procedure involves:

• Anesthesia Administration: Anesthesia is administered to ensure the patient is comfortable and pain-free during the procedure.
• Surgical Setup: The patient is positioned on the operating table, and the surgical site is prepared. Sterile drapes are used to maintain a sterile environment.
• Stapled Haemorrhoidectomy Procedure: Using a specialised stapling device, excess tissue is removed from the anal canal, and the remaining tissue is repositioned. This helps alleviate symptoms and reduce the risk of haemorrhoid recurrence.
• Monitoring: The patient's vital signs are closely monitored throughout the surgery to ensure their safety.
• Completion and Recovery: Once the procedure is complete, the patient is transferred to a recovery area to wake up from anaesthesia. They may experience mild discomfort as the anaesthesia wears off.

Post Stapled Haemorrhoidectomy Care

After stapled haemorrhoidectomy, patients are advised to follow postoperative care instructions to promote healing and minimise complications. This includes:

• Pain Management: Patients may be prescribed pain medications to manage discomfort after surgery.
• Dietary Considerations: Following a high-fibre diet and drinking plenty of fluids can help prevent constipation and promote regular bowel movements.
• Hygiene and Wound Care: Keeping the anal area clean and dry helps prevent infection. Patients may be instructed to gently clean the area with mild soap and water after bowel movements.
• Activity Restrictions: Patients should avoid strenuous activities and heavy lifting for the first few days after surgery to promote healing.
• Follow-up Appointments: Patients attend follow-up appointments with their healthcare provider to monitor their recovery progress and address any concerns or complications.

By following these guidelines, patients can ensure a smooth recovery and optimal outcomes after stapled haemorrhoidectomy.

Here are some of the key benefits of stapled haemorrhoidectomy:

• Reduced postoperative pain: Stapled haemorrhoidectomy typically results in less pain during the recovery period compared to traditional haemorrhoidectomy.
• Faster recovery time: Patients often experience quicker recovery and return to normal activities after stapled haemorrhoidectomy.
• Minimised risk of anal stenosis: The procedure aims to preserve anal sphincter function, reducing the risk of long-term complications such as anal stenosis.
• Effective treatment for prolapsed haemorrhoids: Stapled haemorrhoidectomy is particularly effective for treating haemorrhoids with significant prolapse.

While stapled haemorrhoidectomy offers various benefits, it's essential to be aware of potential risks associated with the procedure:

• Bleeding: Although rare, bleeding can occur during or after the procedure.
• Infection: There is a risk of infection at the surgical site.
• Rectal perforation: In rare cases, the stapling device may perforate the rectal wall.
• Rectal prolapse: Stapled haemorrhoidectomy may increase the risk of rectal prolapse in some cases.
• Recurrence: Haemorrhoids may recur after stapled haemorrhoidectomy, although the risk is generally lower compared to traditional techniques.

Is stapled haemorrhoidectomy known for causing significant pain post-surgery?

Stapled haemorrhoidectomy generally causes less pain compared to traditional haemorrhoidectomy methods. Patients may experience discomfort, but it is usually less intense and shorter-lived.

How safe is stapled haemorrhoidectomy as a surgical procedure?

Stapled haemorrhoidectomy is considered a safe surgical procedure when performed by experienced surgeons in appropriate medical facilities. Like any surgery, it carries some risks, including bleeding, infection, and rare complications such as rectal perforation.

How soon can one expect relief post stapled haemorrhoidectomy?

Relief from symptoms such as pain, bleeding, and prolapse can be immediate after stapled haemorrhoidectomy. However, full recovery and resolution of symptoms may take a few weeks.

What can I expect during the recovery period after stapled haemorrhoid surgery?

During the recovery period, patients may experience mild discomfort, minor bleeding, and a feeling of fullness or urgency in the rectum. Most individuals can return to normal activities within a few days to a week after surgery.

What is the primary complication associated with stapled haemorrhoidectomy?

The primary complication associated with stapled haemorrhoidectomy is the risk of postoperative bleeding. This occurs in a small percentage of patients and is usually mild, but in rare cases, it may require further medical attention.

What are the main advantages of stapled haemorrhoidectomy compared to other procedures?

Stapled haemorrhoidectomy offers advantages such as reduced post-operative pain, faster recovery time, and lower risk of anal stenosis (narrowing of the anal canal) compared to traditional surgical methods.

What is the success rate of stapled haemorrhoidectomy in treating haemorrhoids?

The success rate of stapled haemorrhoidectomy in treating haemorrhoids is generally high, with most patients experiencing long-term relief from symptoms. However, individual outcomes can vary.

What steps can I take to prevent the recurrence of haemorrhoids after surgery?

To prevent recurrence, it is recommended to maintain a high-fibre diet, stay hydrated, avoid straining during bowel movements, and adopt healthy bowel habits. Regular exercise and avoiding prolonged sitting or standing can also help.

How does stapled haemorrhoidectomy differ from traditional surgical methods in treating haemorrhoids?

Unlike traditional haemorrhoidectomy, which involves excising haemorrhoidal tissue, stapled haemorrhoidectomy uses a circular stapling device to remove excess tissue and reposition haemorrhoidal cushions. This method typically results in less tissue removal and reduced postoperative pain.

Are there specific dietary or lifestyle changes recommended after stapled haemorrhoid surgery?

After stapled haemorrhoid surgery, it is advisable to consume a balanced diet rich in fiber to promote regular bowel movements and avoid constipation. Drinking plenty of fluids and avoiding spicy foods can also aid in recovery.

Is it safe to undergo stapled haemorrhoidectomy during pregnancy or while breastfeeding?

Stapled haemorrhoidectomy is generally not recommended during pregnancy unless absolutely necessary due to potential risks to the mother and baby. It is also advisable to consult with a healthcare provider regarding the safety of undergoing this procedure while breastfeeding.

Reviewed by Dr. Ashish Anand, Consultant – General & Minimal Access Surgery, Laparoscopic, on 26 August 2025.