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Unraveling Brain Tumor Care: Causes, Diagnosis, and Management Options Explored

By Dr. Kapil Jain in Neurosurgery , Neurosciences , Spine Surgery , Paediatric (Ped) Neurosurgery

Jan 05 , 2026 | 1 min read

Brain tumours are abnormal growths of tumour cells in brain tissue. They can be primary brain tumours that are only in the brain or secondary brain tumours that spread to the brain from other organs of the body.

Primary brain tumours may be benign or malignant. Benign tumours are localized and slow-growing; however, malignant tumours grow rapidly, and the duration of symptoms is short.

Any brain tumour, primary or secondary, can cause serious problems. The skull is rigid, and it does not give space for the tumour to expand. The tumour compresses the normal brain and increases intracranial pressure.

Brain tumours can cause symptoms as they destroy neural tissue, put pressure on the nearby brain, increase intracranial pressure, or obstruct normal CSF flow, which can lead to hydrocephalus.

Patients with brain tumours can have one or more complaints, such as headache, which keeps on increasing and is associated with nausea and vomiting. Seizures are secondary to uncontrolled electric disturbances in the brain. Recent behaviour change, memory disturbances, weakness of one side of the body, such as difficulty walking or imbalance while walking. Visual disturbances include blurred vision, double vision, and loss of peripheral vision, as well as difficulty in concentration, memory problems, difficulty finding words, and difficulty understanding speech.

A CT head or MRI brain is done to make the diagnosis. Treatment of brain tumours depends on many factors, such as the type of tumour, location, size, and the patient's overall health.

Surgery is the mainstay of treatment, and it can be minimally invasive techniques like endoscopic, stereotactic, or microscopic surgery. Surgery aims to remove the maximum possible tumour without causing fresh deficits and to obtain a tissue diagnosis. Some brain tumours are not amenable to surgery, in which case, direct radiosurgery is considered.

Any person with complaints explained above should consult a neurosurgeon to make a diagnosis and discuss further treatment options.

Overall, the outcome of the tumour depends on the type of tumour. Malignant tumour requires radiation and chemotherapy after conformation of the tissue diagnosis.

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